A data access pattern that’s common in web and online applications, it is where one action usually correlates with one or a few records.
This interactive processes happens often where there is user input, this input usually result in a handful of queries where a single record is either read, inserted, updated or deleted from the database.
Most user facing applications could be described with an OLTP access pattern.
Another access pattern is the online analytical process or OLAP, combined they you have HTAP.
Reference
Kleppmann, Martin, and Chris Riccomini. Designing Data-Intensive Applications: The Big Ideas behind Reliable, Scalable, and Maintainable Systems. Second Edition, O’Reilly Media, 2026.